India produces about 75 of the 109 varieties listed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), The most produced and exported spices are pepper, cardamom, chilli, ginger, turmeric, coriander,l cumin, celery, fennel, fenugreek, garlic, nutmeg & mace, curry powder, spice oils and oleoresins. Out ofl these spices, chilli, cumin, turmeric, ginger and coriander make up about 76% of the total production.

India is the largest exporter of spice and spice items. For the year 2021-22, the country exported spices worth US$ 4,102.29 million. In September 2022, the exports of spices from India increased by 6.62% to US$ 330.46 million. In 2021-22, India exported 1.53 million tonnes of spices. From 2017-18 to 2021-22, the total exported quantity from India grew at a CAGR of 10.47%. For FY22, total volumes of chilli, cumin, turmeric and ginger exports were 0.55, 0.21, 0.15 and 0.14 million tonnes. During 2020-21, the export of chilli, ginger, cardamom (small & large), coriander, turmeric, celery, cumin, fennel, fenugreek, other seeds such as ajwan seed, mustard, aniseed, nutmeg & mace; other spices such as asafoetida, tamarind, etc., expanded both in value and volume as compared to 2019-20. Even the export of value-added products such as spice oils & oleoresins grew both in terms of value and volume; export of curry powder/paste increased in terms of value and export of mint products increased in terms of volume.